8 – Barbara McClintock (1902 – 1992)
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Barbara McClintock was an American scientist and cytogeneticist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and became one of the most influential figures in the field of genetics. Her work in cytogenetics and her studies with maize led to the production of the first genetic map of this species. Although initially her discoveries were not accepted by the scientific community, she was eventually recognised for her work.