7 – Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1906-1972)
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Born in Germany, Maria Goeppert-Mayer was a leading theoretical physicist and Nobel Prize winner in 1963 for her work on the atomic nucleus. This work was based on the suggestion in the model of the nuclear shield of the atomic nucleus. As well as being the second woman to receive a Nobel Prize after Marie Curie, she also worked on the Manhattan Project during the Second World War.